Sunday, May 24, 2020

Elizabeths Visit to Pemberley in Pride and Prejudice by...

Elizabeths Visit to Pemberley in Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen In Pride and Prejudice Elizabeths visit to Pemberley is a very key episode in the story as it expresses her change of heart towards Darcy. This visit reveals the true and real Darcy which proves that Elizabeths assumptions were wrong which follows on from Darcys explanatory letter at Hunstanton, of his and Wickems situation. Elizabeth is shocked to hear of Wickems unforgivable behaviour and his lies but her prejudices of Darcy remain. The house and grounds of Darcy reflect his character and tastes. Mrs. Reynolds (housekeeper) words reveal the truth concerning Darcy and Wickem, and Darcy also makes a good impression on†¦show more content†¦There is great contrast between Darcys house and grounds and Lady Catherines house and grounds at Rosings. Elizabeth begins to realize what she had rejected and begins to regret it, which presents more evidence of Elizabeth changing her feelings towards Darcy. This was a lucky recollection - it had saved her from something like regret. Elizabeth best impressions were reinforced by Mrs. Reynolds. The housekeeper is very friendly and down to earth the complete opposite to Lady Catherine. Shes not what Elizabeth had expected her to be. The housekeeper came; a respectable looking elderly woman, much less fine, and more civil, than she had any notion of finding her. Mrs. Reynolds description is crucial to Elizabeths feelings for Darcy. Her comments reveal Darcys real character, and also confirm Wickems Firstly he is very loving towards his sister, and his generosity proves this as he buys her a piano- a very expensive but meaningful gift. Whatever can give his sister any pleasure is sure to be done in a moment. There is nothing he would not do for her. This also shows that he would do anything to make his sister happy. Mrs. Reynolds description of Darcy is completelyShow MoreRelatedPride And Prejudice Social Landscape Essay1600 Words   |  7 PagesIn Pride and Prejudice, Jane Austen carefully depicts the social landscape of England during the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Seemingly mirroring this social landscape is the physical landscape of the English countryside. In a pivotal scene in which the novel’s protagonist, Elizabeth Bennet, ventures to the home of her future husband, Austen uses the natural landscape to show how Elizabeth, born of the landed gentry class but with no financial stability, physically ascends to the locationRead MorePride and Prejudice: Themes, Motifs, and Symbols1368 Words   |  6 Pagesideas explored in a literary work. Love Pride and Prejudice contains one of the most cherished love stories in English literature: the courtship between Darcy and Elizabeth. As in any good love story, the lovers must elude and overcome numerous stumbling blocks, beginning with the tensions caused by the lovers own personal qualities. Elizabeths pride makes her misjudge Darcy on the basis of a poor first impression, while Darcys prejudice against Elizabeths poor social standing blinds him, for aRead MoreAnalysis of Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice and Forsters A Room With A View1652 Words   |  7 PagesJane Austen’s ‘Pride and Prejudice’ utilises setting to reveal Darcy’s true character and allows Elizabeth to gain a true understanding of his nature. Pemberley estate is placed at the centre of the novel both literally and figuratively. In terms of Pemberley’s literal meaning, it informs the reader that the estate belongs to Darcy, while figuratively it reflects the charm of his character . Elizabeth Bennet’s visit to Pemeberly illuminates’ Darcy’s moral fibre, she is enchanted by its beauty andRead More Essay on the Metamorphosis in Pride and Prejudice1235 Words   |  5 PagesMetamorphosis in Pride and Prejudice   Ã‚   As the story develops in Jane Austens novel, Pride and Prejudice, the reader is witness to a shift in attitude between the principle characters. The chapter in which Elizabeth Bennetts reactions to Mr. Darcys letter are explored provides valuable insights into this metamorphosis.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The first description of Elizabeths state upon perusing Fitzwilliam Darcys revelatory missive is characteristic of Austen when relating heavy emotion:Read MoreJane Austen s Pride And Prejudice1343 Words   |  6 PagesIn the novel Pride and Prejudice, Jane Austen uses satire to prove how all relationships should be filled with love, happiness, and understanding, despite the universal views of social standings determining an individual’s likeness. Once the two main characters: Fitzwilliam Darcy and Elizabeth Bennet first meet at the Meryton Ball, Austen struggles to find a mutual interest between the two, due to their contradicting outlooks on societies. Mr. Darcy, who is in the upper class, views all lower classRead MoreEssay about A Sense of Place in Austens Pride and Prejudice1450 Words   |  6 PagesA Sense of Place in Austens Pride and Prejudice It is interesting to observe Dictionary.coms definition of the word place in relation to person. Especially when it comes to Pride and Prejudice, where Austen has made great use of the objective correlative technique, in which many, if not all, of her settings considerably reflect the characteristics of their owners. She additionally employs several other techniques regarding the sense of place in her novel, which are important notRead MorePride and Prejudice and A Midsummer Nights Dream1851 Words   |  8 Pagesnever did run smooth.† -William Shakespeare, A Midsummer Nights Dream ‘Pride and Prejudice first appeared between 1796 and 1797 under the title, ‘First Impressions. At first, the novel was written anonymously; however, after Jane Austens death, the novel became publicly known to people. The novel itself is a comedy of manners set in a quiet and charming rural England, between 1796 and 1813; to be exact, Pride and Prejudice is set amidst Napoleonic Wars, dating from 1797 up to 1815. In AustensRead MoreLove in Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen1035 Words   |  5 PagesThe course of true love never did run smooth in â€Å"Pride and Prejudice† The idiom â€Å"The course of true love never did run smooth† implies that the path to love is never simple and straight forward. The path to true love is filled with difficulties and obstacles from society, religion, or culture. In â€Å"Pride and Prejudice,† none exemplify this idiom more than the couples Mr. Darcy and Elizabeth and Mr. Bingley and Jane. The idea behind the proverb plays a central role in constructing the plot of theRead MoreThe Course of True Love Never Did Run Smooth in Pride and Prejudice1184 Words   |  5 PagesThe course of true love never did run smooth in â€Å"Pride and Prejudice† The idiom â€Å"The course of true love never did run smooth† implies that the path to love is never simple and straight forward. The path to true love is filled with difficulties and obstacles from society, religion, or culture. In â€Å"Pride and Prejudice,† none exemplify this idiom more than the couples Mr. Darcy and Elizabeth and Mr. Bingley and Jane. The idea behind the proverb plays a central role in constructing the plot of theRead More Pride Prejudice How does the visit to Pemberley affect Elizabeths1513 Words   |  7 PagesPride Prejudice How does the visit to Pemberley affect Elizabeths feelings towards Darcy? Why does her opinion alter. Pride Prejudice How does the visit to Pemberley affect Elizabeths feelings towards Darcy? Why does her opinion alter after this encounter? We have seen through the books chorus that Elizabeth doesnt care about wealth, she rather wants to marry for love then money (She denies Darcy when he first proposed, and she sees Mr.Wickham as an good man even though he cannot

Thursday, May 14, 2020

Sociological Research The Insider Outsider Issue

Considering the theoretical issues in qualitative research, the insider-outsider issue has arisen as a debatable topic for some scholars (e.g. Kanuha, 2000; Dwyer and Buckle, 2009) recently. Historically, social researchers used to agree with ‘separation of facts and values’ and interdicted employing values to assess the truth that led research becoming objective (David and Sutton, 2004: 17). In an objective research, the researcher should objectively eliminate his/her personal ‘gaze’ in course of the survey. In another word, researchers should act like an outsider and all common attributes should be shared by research participants. Acknowledged by Fay (1996), in term of understanding the researched group, it would be more beneficial when the qualitative researchers acted as outsiders in the researched group. Fay further proposed that the outsider-researchers might be more sufficiently conceiving experience from the participants/researched, likely to re cognise broader perspective, noting more on what is happening; on the other hand, insider-researchers are frequently intertwined with their own knowledge (Fay, 1996). Regarding the three chosen studies, Mandiuc (2014)’s study is considered as an example of outsider researcher because she did not clearly explain whether she had any experiences of motherhood and/or on prostitution. Nowadays, social researchers increasingly deemed that qualitative researchers should be ‘insiders’ because they found manyShow MoreRelatedChick Like Me Feminist Analysis1344 Words   |  6 Pageswhich addresses the issues of systematic discrimination against women and the belief that men and women should be equal. In many television programs, women are commonly sexually harassed and no one makes a remark as well as society deeming it acceptable without a second thought as they consider it conventional. In order for the characters of Boy Meets World to grasp the topic of feminism, participant observation was an effective way for them to do so. There are many sociological components used withinRead MoreThe Leadership Skills And Behaviours For Successful Implementation Of Human Resource Management Plan1737 Words   |  7 Pagesthe degree of complexity in CSOGP’s organization chart. PM of CSOGP decided to follow ROL with CND, assuming CND is employed by Client; the only way of proper performance is to have a coaching approach. PM after a month realised that as an outsider there is no chance to accomplish detail design’s basic milestone, start point of procurement. PM changed to TOL and unforeseeably it worked. CND was nominated by client (big power). However, Client could not tolerate delay occurring with his nominatedRead MoreAn Ethnographic Study Of Issues Surrounding The Provision Of Sport Opportunities For Young Men From A Western Canadian Inner1662 Words   |  7 PagesCritically Evaluate One Qualitative Research Method in one recent Journal Article The article this essay is critically evaluating is ‘An ethnographic study of issues surrounding the provision of sport opportunities to young men from a western Canadian inner – city’ (Holt et al., 2013). The aim of the study was to examine the issues surrounding the provision of sport opportunities to young men from inner – city areas of Edmonton, Alberta, Canada (Holt et al., 2013). The main aspects this essay isRead MorePolitical Parties Essay3091 Words   |  13 Pages Marca Selway-Kaplar Political Parties March 12, 2017 American Political Parties and the 2016 Elections A loss by the Democratic Party’s presidential candidate in 2016 and victory by an outsider to Republican politics who still became its standard bearer becomes less surprising when we focus on the organizational underpinnings of both parties and the role they played in the outcome. That outcome reflects the responding changes in technology and methods of campaigning about national and globalRead MoreCase Study Analysis of Royal Ahold Scandal7067 Words   |  29 Pagesprovided goods and services to the company, as well as the economic impact on domestic and international communities. In this paper I will focus on the case study of Royal Ahold and the large accounting fraud that took place within the company. The issues I will address include Ahold’s transparency and disclosure weaknesses, its demanding culture focused on economic growth regardless of certain ethical principles, the weaknesses of corporate governance within Europe and the United States, as well asRead Mor eProfessional Student4171 Words   |  17 Pagestheir immediate, personal social settings and the remote, impersonal social world is called A. the sociological imagination. B. anthropology. C. a theory. D. verstehen. Answer: A 4. A key element in the sociological imagination is the ability to view one’s own society A. from the perspective of personal experience. B. from the perspective of cultural biases. C. as an outsider. D. as an insider. Answer: C 5. A sociologist observing behavior at a college football game would probably focusRead MoreResearch Methodology Essay4336 Words   |  18 Pagesphenomena to occur? Sociologists, psychologists, philosophers and social scientists have spent eons of time pondering on these questions. Research is the way in which these questions may be answered, but the question remains, as to what type of research leads us to the right answer or, if there is a right answer, what is the one true answer? If different research methods produce different answers, which is the right, the true answer and if we find it does this render all the other answers null or wrongRead MoreHow Women Entrepreneurs Lead and Why They Manage That Way7218 Words   |  29 Pagessubmission guidelines are available for all. Please visit www.emeraldinsight.com/authors for more information. About Emerald www.emeraldinsight.com With over forty years experience, Emerald Group Publishing is a leading independent publisher of glo bal research with impact in business, society, public policy and education. In total, Emerald publishes over 275 journals and more than 130 book series, as well as an extensive range of online products and services. Emerald is both COUNTER 3 and TRANSFER compliantRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Be Legalized2018 Words   |  9 Pagesfirst same-sex marriage occurred in United States in 2004, the issue of gay people’s rights to get married emerged to the surface. Since then, multiple states have put forward their policies of gay marriage successively. Time has changed as the gay life style becomes more accepted by society--fourteen states have passed the law legalization of gay marriage, such as Massachusetts, New York and Connecticut. From 1988 when Baunach’s research (2012) showed a lot of â€Å"strongly disagree† attitudes towardsRead MoreRole of the Social Media in Social Movements Essay3249 Words   |  13 Pagesof technological dominance, web has the powe r to shape and impose policies, ideologies and the â€Å"truth† that is beneficial for the states ruled by the â€Å"elites†. Why do we even need newspapers? Because, we want to be updated on domestic and global issues that we cannot reach without big news agencies. Thus news agencies have become the intermediate body between people and absolute truth. Being intermediate body means that one has power to filter information that is passing through, which in fact,

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Oedipus The King By Sophocles - 1165 Words

Oedipus the King was written by Sophocles and was is titled Oedipus Rex in Latin. It is one of the most well-known Greek tragedies. As is the case with Greek tragedies—or roughly most tragedies that make their way to stage—fate plays a key role in the events in Oedipus Rex. Oedipus discovers there is a plague on his city. The only way to lift the plague is by slaying the former king’s killer. As the play’s acts unfold one discovers about the prophecy concerning Oedipus. The prophecy states that Oedipus is destined to kill his father and marry his mother. But was this just by chance or his predetermined fate. Fate refers to an occurrence that uncontrollably befalls a person. The Oracle Prophesies at Delphi dooms Oedipus prior to his birth; by prophesying that Oedipus would marry his mother and kill his father. Oedipus learns about this prophecy, and lands on this fate because of his arrogance. He makes a quest for the truth about his father, because he does not know about his origin. This forms a platform for the occurrence of the Oracle prophecies. He eventually marries his mother and kills his father as prophesized by the Oracle. But was this uncontrollable? Was it not obvious that Oedipus unwittingly murdered his father, King Laius of Thebes, at a crossroad? Then as he married the king s widow, Oedipus also wed his own mother, fulfilling the double fate of parricide and incest foretold about him. Kurt Fosso argues that â€Å"Resisting fate, One could argue that Oedipus sShow MoreRelatedOedipus The King By Sophocles848 Words   |  4 PagesOedipus the King, written by Sophocles, follows the tragic story of a king named Oedipus who goes from an all-powerful ruler to a hopeless blind peasant. Oedipus the King was written as a play and performed in front of an audience. Sophocles shows in Oedipus the King that one cannot escape the fate of the gods. Throughout the play Oedipus struggles to find a solution and change all the troubles in his life. The play observes the story of Oedipus who defies the gods and through the journey experiencesRead MoreSophocles Oedipus The King884 Words   |  4 PagesKing of Thebes, owner of a family tree that identically resembles Medusa on a bad hair day, and the inspiration for a psychologically-riveting complex, Oedipus, tragic hero of Sophocles’ Oedipus the King, exposes troubling truths about the human condition and, acting as an exemplary precaution for the entirety of humanity, demonstrates how a self-destructive struggle between love, anger, and fate, conveyed through an unorthodox love affair between mother and son (Who gets custody in a divorce?),Read MoreSophocles Oedipus The King1714 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"ideal tragedy† is the play â€Å"Oedipus the King† written by Sophocles. In this play, Sophocles utilizes the concept of tragedy as well the theory of the importance of scenes of recognition and reversal to create a setting, tone, and moo d throughout the play. Oedipus, the mythical king of Thebes, goes through a horrendous tragedy which includes moments of recognition and reversal. These moments are key to the fame and appreciation for the play, â€Å"Oedipus the King†. Sophocles’ use of Aristotle’s conceptsRead MoreOedipus The King By Sophocles950 Words   |  4 PagesThe people throughout Oedipus’ life trues very hard to allow him to escape his fate of killing his father and then marrying his mother. In the epic poem Oedipus the King, Sophocles tells the story of the tragic downfall of Oedipus. Although many people see the role of free will that brought upon Oedipus’ doom, no matter what choices were made throughout his life, his ultimate fate would always return. The choices made at the beginning of Oedipus’ life set him up to fulfill his prophecy. His parentsRead MoreSophocles Oedipus The King992 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout tragedies in Greek literature, the hero always has one tragic flaw. In Sophocles’ Oedipus the King, Oedipus’ main flaw is his overactive hubris, which in turn clouds his overall judgment. This is evident in the Chorus’ first ode to the city of Thebes as they try to ask the Gods for the banishment of the plague. Their answer does not come from a deity, but from Oedipus himself as he enters the palace and says, â€Å"You have prayed; and you prayers shall be answered with help and release ifRead MoreOedipus the King by Sophocles1393 Words   |  6 Pages Sophocles’ play, Oedipus the King, has risen many questions concerning the main character and whether or not he acts on free will or if his future is predestined by the gods. I am going to test the theory that although Oedipus believes he is acting on his own free will, he is in fact a victim of the gods. I will analyze several different sources that discuss fate and human agency in Oedipus the King and then proceed to build my original argument on the archaic debate. There has been a great dealRead MoreOedipus The King By Sophocles904 Words   |  4 Pages In Sophocles play â€Å"Oedipus the King† a deadly plague has descended upon the kingdom of Thebes, and because of this plague a dark and iniquitous secret begins to unravel itself only to reveal a web of events connecting Oedipus and others as the culprits behind all the havoc ensued. No one is the sole source responsible for the unfortunate events that befall Thebes, as well as the royal family; In fact, those who unknowingly paved the path of destruction were themselves trying to prevent it fromRead MoreSophocles Oedipus The King Essay1960 Words   |  8 Pages This would have been excellent advice for the main character in Sophocles drama, Oedipus the King. However, the drama was written as a result of Sophocles life and the influence of the humanistic culture in which he lived. Throughout Sophocles life, he gained military knowledge as the son of a wealthy armor manufacturer and received an excellent Greek education with emphasis on Homeric poetry (textbook). Furthe rmore, Sophocles was very involved in politics and served as a treasurer, a generalRead MoreSophocles Oedipus The King871 Words   |  4 PagesThe plays written by Sophocles, â€Å"Oedipus the King â€Å"and â€Å"Antigone† are bodies of work displayed the meaning of what Aristotle defined as a tragedy. â€Å"Oedipus the King† is a story of a king trying to avoid the fate of his life that has been prophesized before his birth. In â€Å"Antigone† is story of a girl who devoted to her family, and regardless of the orders made the king Creon. In these stories the archetypes and hamartia of Antigone and Oedipus play a major role in the story. In â€Å"Antigone† the characterRead MoreOedipus The King, By Sophocles1407 Words   |  6 PagesWhen we think about a tragic play or protagonist, most people would think Shakespeare for his common theme of his plays to end with a tragedy. In Oedipus the King, written by Sophocles, tells the tale of the protagonist Oedipus. Throughout the play, Oedipus searched for his past to discover the reason why his kingdom is plagued with wilting crops and illnesses. In the end, he becomes a tragic protagonist after discovering his past was related to the previous king’s death. While the search progressed

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Corruption and Anti-Corruption in Reform China free essay sample

After 1989 Tiananmen Square event, the new Chinese leaders have giventhe priority to the anti-corruption work on their agenda and strengthened the anti-corruptionefforts. But up to now, the corruption phenomenon is still very rife , and presentlyis seen as the second greatest public concerns(behind unemployment )? The abilityor inability of third generation political leaders to successfully curb corruptionwill play a major role in their political survival. This article will focus on theanalysis of the extent, forms and characters of corruption in current China, itscauses and effects, and the anti-corruption efforts of the Chinese Communist Partyand its government. 2 The extent, forms and characteristics of corruption in current China What is corruption? The notion of corruption varies with time and places. Accordingto Chinese official terminology , the core element of the definition of corruptionin current China is the notion of use of public power and public resources for privateinterests (Yi Quan Mu Si )? This is a very broad definition, which can includea series of phenomenon and behaviours and vary with time. Consequently, it canbe adapted to include new forms of corrupt practice. Corruption in current Chinais often links with negative phenomenon and unhealthy tendency within party andgovernment departments. As a result , anti-corruption effort also includes fightagainst all of these phenomenon and behaviours. This definition has three features. First , the core element of corruptionis not abuse or misuse of public power via-a-via legal norms or social standardsfor private benefits but the very use of public power for private benefits. Onthe one hand, this is a very strict standard for determining what behaviours canbe defined as corrupt since it can includes any behaviour utilising public powerfor private benefits. On the other hand , given that legal norms and moral standardsmay change with time, the definition may take some risks to exaggerate the extentof corruption or arbitrarily label some practice as corrupt. Another feature of this definition is the ambiguous of the term private interestsin contrast to public interests , i. e. the interests of whole nation and partyPrivate benefits include not only personal gains, but also the interests of workunits , departments and regions when they are given priority over public interests. Third , the definition leaves open the question of which the subject of corruptionis. It not only refers to individual public officials , but also can includes therelatives of public officials and retired public officials, and can also refersto some public bodies and their leaders (as legal rather than natural persons)? As mentioned above, in official terminology, corruption , negative phenomenonand unhealthy tendency are linked together. Although government officials andthe public generally agree on some practices as corrupt , there are fewer consensuseson other practices. Heidenheimers three-category classifications system providesa useful framework for understanding both the Chinese categories and the areas ofconsensus and lack of consensus. Heidenheimers framework includes three categories:(1 )? Class A or black corruption:The corrupt practices in this category,including graft , bribe, fraud, embezzlement , extortion, smuggling, tax evasion,etc. , Constitute an important part of economic crimes. Because they are obviouslyillegal and the main purpose of those involved in these practice is to increasetheir personal wealth , government officials and the public generally agree thatsuch practices are corrupt. (2 )? Class B or grey corruption : The key characteristicsof this category, into which more and more practices are being categorised , isleaders of public institutions using their institutional power to increase the oftheir institutions and improve the welfare of their staffs through various legal,semi-legal and illegal ways. Such practices includes public institutions makingprofits by engaging in business activities(such as public bank enter into the stockmarket, the bureau of environment protection selling environment protection facilitiesto their clients), setting up satellite companies , and imposing fines or collectingadministrative fees or charging the so-called service fee and then putting theincome into their own coffers. Class B also includes such unhealthy practicesas the extravagance and waste , e. g., spending public money to support luxuriouswork conditions and/or life style by senior officials. Such extravagance and wasteis manifested in many aspects : expensive entertainment, costly foreign cars forsenior officials, magnificent and tastefully furnished office buildings, domesticor foreign travel in the name of official business, etc. Such unhealthy tendenciesand the associated corruption , both significantly increasing the publics burden,have led to a significant public outcry. This has led Chinese authorities to attemptto stop these practices. However they have met strong resistance from these publicinstitutions which, in turn, justify their practices in terms of the purpose oftheir practice, the legitimacy of their institutional power and the work requirement. (3 )? Class C: or white corruption: Class C practices constitute a kind ofcommon practice of social life. They include the nepotism and favouritism in thepersonnel recruitment and promotion , bending the law in favour of relatives andfriends in law enforcement, preferential treatment in resource-allocations forrelatives and friends , etc. They are characterised by preferential treatment byofficials of relatives, friends, fellow-villager etc. much of which is, in fact,a way of reciprocating previously given favours. Such practices have penetratedwidely into public life , influencing the behaviour of government officials andordinary citizens as well , contributing to the operation and existence of networksof personal ties throughout China. Creating and maintaining the networks of personalties to seek and give favourable treatment is accepted by most people , includinggovernment officials, as a normal practice when they involved in these practice. However , such networks are condemned by those excluded from them although theywill not be hesitate to engage in such practice should they have an opportunityto do so. The late British China scholar Gordon White had also made a similar classification. 3 Inasmuch as the Chinese authorities combine all the above categories togetherin their anti-corruption work , in this paper I will treat them all as corruption. However by so doing , the Chinese authorities have set a difficult goal for themselvessince the limited consensus on white corruption may increase the difficulty of attackingthese practices. On the other hand, the labelling of some common practice falleninto the grey area from the white area and some common(white ) as corruptionmay help to delegitimize them and/or push them into the grey category , thuscontributing to anti-corruption and social and political progress. The extent of corruption has increased dramatically and sharply since 1978 withthe situation becoming even worse after in the 1990s. This tendency is apparentfrom the data on perception of corruption in developing countries provided by TransparencyInternational and summarised in table. The above table demonstrates a clear drop in the scores of corruption in Chinafrom until 1980 until 1995 reflecting the increase of corruption in China in thisperiod. The slight improvement is likely due to the strengthen of anti-corruptionefforts by the third generation political leadership and the deepening of market-orientedreform. But despite these slight improvements , the public and its deputies arestill very dissatisfied with the widespread corruption and the inadequate effortsat fighting corruption. The vote of nearly forty per cent of the deputies in the1997 session of National Peoples Congress against General procuratorators ZhangSiqings Annual work report is an indication of this dissatisfaction. In the 1990s , corruption has worsened and taken new characteristics withinthe above three categories:(1 )? Class A: corruption as a form of economiccrimes has increased with the following manifestations. First , the number of large-scalecorruption cases increased sharply.