Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Leadership - Essay Example On the other hand, an ineffective and unsuccessful team may be witnessed from a group of people who are greatly focused on gratifying self-interests and are often engaged in unnecessary arguments with one another. Members of such team assert themselves to no avail and exercise ‘crab mentality’ where individual functions and the task of decision-making seem unclear. For instance, in the event that members keep complaining about not meeting personal expectations yet lack the responsibility to follow the leader and contribute to the productivity of the team, there only emerges poor performance with no sense of fulfillment. Sources: AchieveMarketing. â€Å"Effective and Successful Teams: Is It Teamwork or Performance that Matters?† HubPages. Retrieved from http://achievemarketing.hubpages.com/hub/Effective-and-Successful-Teams-Is-it-Teamwork-or-Performance-that-Matters on July 9, 2012. Hager, Timothy D. â€Å"Effective and Ineffective Team Characteristics.† Enr ichment Journal. Retrieved from http://enrichmentjournal.ag.org/200304/082_stf04_teamchar_sb.cfm on July 9, 2012. (2) Scenario: Given that I am managing a team of eight members whose major task involves architectural design of a commercial site, I have 4 individuals (group A) assigned to come up with one particular scheme while the other 4 (group B) ought to create an alternative so that our client can decide based on the project design that suits their requirements well. In the process, people consult me for further insights besides their resources and group A consists of members who have tenured as much as my length of stay in the organization, being colleagues who are within my circle of intimate relations. Group B, on the other hand, is composed of members who have just been regularized in the company and compared to group A, they are younger, competitive, more dynamic, and most of all, are highly eager to obtain promotion and pay increase. With the first 2 quarters, the client has consistently expressed satisfaction with the progress report of group B and yet on the third quarter, the client wavers decision between the two designs, rationalizing that they also perceive huge potentials from the work of group A, considering future systems. Both divisions worked hard and persevered creatively in my regular assessment, it is just that while group B delivers optimum results, they rarely share ideas to group A though the latter encourages open communication within the team. Then I am about to evaluate performances per group where only one group is entitled to appraisal and one group to receive award after the site project is through. To resolve my ethical dilemma as a manager, I suppose it would be fair for group B to have the award and for group A to be appraised, thinking that people who are focused on obtaining personal achievements should be rewarded right away whereas those who are greatly concerned about teamwork and are more disposed to keep healthy soci al relations and behavior within the entire organization must be found deserving of appraisal. Source: â€Å"Ethics Dilemmas – Hypothetical Scenarios.† Retrieved from http://www.ccat-ctac.org/downloads/2004_Felter_Juteau_e.pdf on July 9, 2012. (3) Diverse organization, as I see it, pertains to an organization consisting of members of various

Psychometric Testing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Psychometric Testing - Essay Example The initial point prior to selecting an evaluation or other methodology should be the job needs. Even though increasingly involving attitudes of people, individual specifications most of the time have their shortcomings. For instance it is ordinary to find irrelevant or opposing attitudes classifies under one skill. The display of skill itself is specialized, utilizing procedures from organizations, observation and case studies to complicated processes involving significant case interviewing. Not all of these methodologies will be applicable in all situations, but if no organized process is implemented to enhance the skill model, it will have been established on a subjective foundation, perhaps weird to users and will not include the 80% of the 80/20 policy. According to the study conducted by Golombok (1999), capability and personality assessments compose the greater portion of what is typically utilized in psychometric evaluation for hiring, while the drive and preference inventories are also implemented from time to time. Even though the option is varied - with more than 5,000 examinations in print in common languages - a tiny subset is utilized by majority of the users. This implies that a person may view an applicant who has possessed quite substantial experience of the similar methodology and undoubtedly some benefits thereby. Even though the scope of this should not be a cause of confusion - particular memory will be assumed to lapse within a few weeks- it does involve a noise element, so it is wise to see what the applicant's past experience has actually been. A benefit of psychometrics is objectivity, which is made possible because of standardized procedures. This has been proven by the research of Parkinson (2005). This is implemented specifically to capability examinations where there is usually a direct and normally basic comparison with a constant organization. In personality evaluation, even though personal scales are standardized there is a further degree of study normally needed to analyze the entire pattern. With a versatile personality assessment, this outcome can be compared with a standard identity, deciphered from analyzing attitudes and behaviors against the skills model. Nevertheless there may not be associated norm organizations for intensely specialized or higher job designations. Most individuals are aware of psychometrics with their combination of communicative organizational exercises and responsibilities. As a matter of fact the utilization of various psychometric evaluations against various skills analysis of workers is amongst the advantages of the methodology. According to the study of Carter (2001), one of the benefits they possess over other evaluation procedures is that they can include the managers of the company as the evaluators of the applicants themselves. Also, as psychometrics does not eat up much of the budget it is ordinary especially the senior managers to be involved in the employee evaluation process. Evaluators can be also hired from the Human Resource division or more typically from an outside organization. The critical risk here is that the goal detail of psychometric results may be disregarded as subjective observations from a solitary, often narrowly based, interview cases, come to the fore. Psychometric evaluations with queries pertaining to particular skills of workers give the general form here, but there exists plenty

Management information and communications systems - MICS Essay

Management information and communications systems - MICS - Essay Example The rapidly advancing MICS has presented the organizations with immense benefits in terms of efficient data collection, processing of data to support managerial decision making, problem solving processes and enabling a highly collaborative work environment. Transformations in business processes and managerial strategies have been guided by the developments in MICS for enhanced productivity, performance and competitive advantage. However, the challenges exposed by such systems cannot be ignored since it requires in-depth understanding and effective policies to control the ill-effects of MICS. Organizations make use of various techniques like data mining and warehousing to analyse online user behaviour and accommodate strategic practices to achieve higher traffic to their websites. Personal information and vital data related to financial transactions are exposed to threats of misuse by fraudsters. Thus, privacy and data protection issues are some of the vital challenges to which indivi duals are exposed today and this is one of the primary factors guiding online user behaviour. Issues like online frauds, identity theft, information leakage, and hacking have become the buzzwords for Internet users. How vulnerable are we to such frauds and invasions on our personal spaces and what measures can we take to protect ourselves from such incidents? These are some of the vital questions that are faced by the Internet users. Organizations and institutions are grappling with the challenges of protecting customer data and ensuring ethical practices while dealing with sensitive personal information provided by users. The paper provides an in-depth assessment and analysis of these issues by highlighting key aspects of MICS and the ways in which information is handled in today’s world. The report identifies common practices adopted by online websites and organizations to tap into individual information easily available on the Internet and use it to promote its business go als and objectives. The ethical concerns raised by such practices has become the focal point of quite a lot of research studies and efforts are on to control the negative impacts of MICS through efficient practices and policies that guide online behaviour. MICS and privacy – an overview of current and traditional theories The global economy is deeply influenced by innovations and technology breakthroughs that have opened new opportunities and new models of operating in an increasingly complex environment. The complexities arising from globalization of economies and opening of markets to foreign trade and capital have created new possibilities for organizations, despite the fact that this has also presented new challenges and difficulties for managers in devising effective strategies for promoting business goals. Technology in such instances has proved itself a boon in assisting managers to pursue international marketing goals and objectives. Businesses are driven by profits a nd goals that constantly seek new markets and opportunities for growth. However, this is not an easy task given the wide diversities existing in global regions and markets. One of the popular means of exploring new markets and business growth potentials is the Internet that has provided the global managers with an innovative tool to assimilate vital data and statistics that aid in faster decision making and accurate problem solving mechanism. Organizations thus rely on information transfer and knowledge processing

Global Finance Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Global Finance - Assignment Example Lastly, information provision- the market provides information for firms in various countries on market situation, which helps in decision-making (Holton, pg.139-141). Bond offered on discount is that which is offered at less than its par or face value. Due to a bond’s maturity, discount is arrived at by deducting the market price from principal amount of the bond (Holton, pg.23). Ordinary shareholders may be paid dividend or not, preference shareholders must be paid dividend. In case of liquidation, preference shareholders are paid first while ordinary holders are paid last. Preference shares have a fixed amount of dividend; ordinary shares dividends are flexible depending on the company performance. Preference shares are callable and have no voting rights while ordinary shares are non-callable and have voting rights (Holton, pg.77-79). The three components include acceptance market, which are institutions with the specialty in accepting bills of exchange as the second signatories. Secondly, we have the bill market, which are intermediaries between the buyers and sellers of the bills. They at times do the discounting of the bills on their own accounts. The third component is the collateral loan market and it works in the form of loans and cash credits (Holton, pg.198). Futures are preferred at times over Forwards because they are traded publicly unlike forwards, who are only traded between two parties who are confidants; it involves transactions of securities in the future coupled with present agreements (Holton, pg.127). It is true that options can have a positive value despite being out of the money. This is possible as have been on American options which can be traded any time, the only condition is only that they must positive time premiums for them to trade at positive prices despite being out of the money (Holton, pg.217). Default risk on the other hand is

Intellectual property law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Intellectual property law - Essay Example With regards to a brief of this situation, it can be said that Trevor who was working as a laboratory assistant in the University of East shire’s Chemistry Department and his work involves assisting the PhD students in their experiments and also running the laboratory. Officially no project has been assigned to him, but the Head of the Department of Chemistry has permitted him to do research tasks if he intends to provided that they do not interfere with his routine tasks and responsibilities at the Department. An important fact of this case was that Trevor worked over the weekend beyond office hours with a PhD student into developing a cure for common cold. Since the student developed common cold, Trevor considers developing a cure for her problem. The student is working on a particular compound and Trevor decides to add the compound Millenniumium (Mil) to that compound. Mil is usually used to treat tropical diseases and in the past according to the author, the use of it for treating common cold has not been obvious to any body reasonably skilled in the art. Trevor immediately tests out the drug on his friend, and to his surprise the drug cures the common cold. Trevor immediately reports the invention to his boss the Head of the Department, who applies for a patent but does not put Trevor’s name in the application form. The head of the department does not offer credit Trevor. The facts of the other issues are that a professor from another rival university claims that Trevor’s invention may be obvious to a person skilled in the art and would not pass the non-obviousness test. The professor from the other university suggests that Trevor’s invention may have been found out by another person at some time as a lot of random testing had been going on with drugs. Trevor’s rights over the invention It may be difficult to ascertain the rights that Trevor would be having, but important facts of the case are that:- Trevor was the actual inventor of the drug combination containing Mil Trevor was using the resources of the university to test out the drug and develop the same Trevor was given permission by his HOD to carry out a research project he wanted provided that it did not interfere with his work in the organisation Trevor conducted the work beyond his work timings and hence it was not interfering with his work There were no efforts put by his HOD in developing the proposed combination of drugs that could be considered for the patent. Under Section 10(1), 10(2), 10(3) and 10(4) of the Patent Rules 2007, the Mention of the Inventor has been included. Under section 10(1), if the inventor has not been mentioned in the patent application, he/she has to be mentioned in the appendix or erratum. Under Section 10(2), if the inventor has not been mentioned, he can apply before the comptroller of Patents. Under Section 7(1) of the Patent Act 1997, there is a mention that any person can apply for a patent either alone or jointly. Under 7(2) it has been mentioned that person would include not only individuals but also corporate bodies including universities. The patent may be granted either to the inventor, joint inventor or to the successor/s of the inventor or inventors. Under section 7.06, the inventor has primarily the right to grant the invention to any person but this law may be overridden by legally enforceable

Reflective Journal Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Reflective Journal - Assignment Example I can contribute to sustainable development by changing my lifestyle in meaningful ways. I can monitor my use of water so that I do not waste it or use it unnecessarily. I can also dispose of recyclable material properly and dispose of all waste appropriately. I can reduce my use of energy and fossil fuels with a view to reducing carbon emissions. When possible, I can also donate to charities for feeding the poor to reduce their reliance on the exploitation on marine life and other natural food sources. Lecture 2: The three main points were: Sustainable development became a state obligation via the Rio Declaration of 1992; states’ obligation are contradicted by various UN Resolutions grants states sovereignty over their natural resources; and that climate changes now requires public participation via the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change 1992. Tutorial 2: I contributed to answering the various questions raised in Tutorial 2. These questions related to the role of the UN in international environmental law, identifying the principles of environmental protection contained in the Rio Declaration of 1992, and various questions relative to the definition and legal nature of treaties and conventions. I observed that there was a significant problem in the context of international environmental law. The various instruments were only binding on states and do not make provision for non-state actors. It can therefore be assumed that non-state actors’ effect on the environment are covered by national law. Alternatively, as a non-state actor, I can choose to take the initiative to responsibly use only environmentally friendly goods and ensure that my choices and behaviour do not contribute to a depletion of natural resources. Lecture 3: Three main points are: As the earth’s resources are decreasing the world population is increasing; in the meantime, the world is experiencing climate change and carbon emissions from fossil fuels is the

Australian law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Australian law - Essay Example If a professional adviser is found to knowingly having provided or failed to provide information that exposes the advisee to incur any losses or damages on their part, this considered to be a breach of duty. All professionals are generally held to an established and reasonable standard of basic care and professionalism. Professionals are generally required to have the necessary learning and skill that is seen to be commonly processed by members who happen to be held in good standing within their basic profession.2 However, any lack of the proper degree of training, failure by the professional to attempt to follow up on a client’s progress, failure to remain appropriately conversant with any new emerging discoveries in the field, or failure to refer to a specialist in the event that it proves to be necessary can all be seen to constitute of negligence.3 As exemplified in the line of reasoning followed in the Hedley Byrne ruling, when an adviser communicates information to an ad visee in order that the information might be used for a generally described or particularly specified purpose, and the advisee acts on this advice to his detriment, the adviser is found to fundamentally be guilty of negligence.4 Effects of Donoghue V Stevenson (1932) A decision by the British house of commons in 1932 concerning the alleged presence of a snail inside a ginger beer bottle is commonly perceived to be the best known judgment in the entire common law world. It is widely regarded as the primary foundation law of negligence throughout the entire British Commonwealth.5 Although the ruling of Donoghue V Stevenson (1932), was initially mostly applied to judgments pertaining to manufacturers and the duty of care that they happened to owe the various consumers of their products it was eventually seen to have wider relevance beyond manufacturer liability. In the ruling, Atkins was seen to assert that a duty to exercise case was actually owed to all persons who might be directly affected by one’s actions or omissions that happen to be called in question.6 This is seen to critically affect the liability of all professional advisers as in their event that they provide questionable information that eventually proves to be detrimental to the advisee, they are then effectively held viable for court action. The Effects of Hedley Byrne v. Heller (1963) The Hedley Byrne v. Heller (1963) greatly impacted the overall liability of professional advisers as it was the first decision to recognize the possibility of there being a liability for want can be perceived to be purely economic loss that is not dependent on there being a contractual relationship, for negligent statements. This was seen to affect advisers as any information that they may happen to give while not bound to any contractual agreement can also be seen to create duty of care as it might be relied upon by the advisee in determining whether to enter into a contract.7 Recent Developments in Australi an High Court There have been a number of recent developments in Australia pertaining to the case of professional negligence, in Astley v Austrust Ltd,